Broken Bones: Causes,  Prevention & Treatment in Kathmandu

Posted on : June 30, 2020 by Clinic One on Orthopedic


There are many factors that cause our bones to break. This includes physical factors like falls, vehicle accidents, sports injuries, and physical fights or medical factors like osteoporosis, deficiency of vitamin D, and calcium or infection. An orthopedic doctor/surgeon provides the treatment for a broken bone.


What causes a bone to break?

Our skeletons are composed of calcium phosphate and collagen. Both ingredients are bundled together to giving it the energy to shape a skeleton. Our skeletons are built to carry on unproblematic weight. However, if a bone is placed under too much weight that it can carry, it will crack. 

Bones can have different densities based on the fitness and age of the individual. When we mature, our bones are less compact which means that the bone produces fewer collagen and calcium phosphate. The less-dense a bone is, the weaker that bone is.

As a result, less dense bones are more prone to fractures, as less force is needed to push them to the point of breakage. 


Why does a broken bone hurt?

Pain is the natural reaction from the body when a bone splits. Both the fracture and any tissue damage in the area of the fracture site may trigger pain.

The result can be pain, swelling, bruising, and redness when the soft tissue around the fracture is injured. Soft tissues apply to the ligaments, arteries, tendons and blood vessels, joint cartilage, etc that protect the bones and joints.


What are the 3 stages of pain?

  1. Acute pain: it usually occurs promptly after the fracture when the bone has broken. 

  2. Sub-acute pain: it occurs during the first few weeks after the fracture while the bone and soft tissue heal. 

  3. Chronic pain: It is the pain that continues long after the fracture and the soft tissues have healed. 


When you break your bone all or some of these types of pain occur. For instance, you may feel acute pain shortly after a bone split, followed by sub-acute pain as the bone recovers, but you do not have any chronic pain.

Others can feel intense pain. It is often common to have a fracture without any pain; several individuals have experienced a fracture of the back, without getting any chronic pain. 


Read Also: Common sports injuries that may occur


What helps a broken bone to heal faster?


There are various ways we can look up to for speeding up the healing of a broken bone: 

  • Immobilization: Preventing bone pieces from moving is a key factor in rapid and healthy recovery. A cast is often used to immobilize the bone and in some cases, the surgeon may rely on other options to keep the bone in place, including screws, plates, or wires.

    Whatever instruction the surgeons prefer, it’s important to follow doctor’s instruction during the healing process, limiting movement and activity as directed. 

  • Nutrition: Deficiencies in some nutrients can influence the period it takes for a fractured bone to recover. For bone health, vitamins, and minerals such as calcium and vitamin D are very essential.

    A diet, rich in nutrients can help improve bone health and pace healing, includes dairy products, green vegetables, fatty fish, and eggs. 

  • Avoid smoking and alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption and smoking can have a negative impact on bone health.

    When your bone is broken you are suggested to quit smoking for a speedy recovery. 

  • Medications: Some drugs can slow down bone repair. You can consult with the orthopaedist about prescription and medications for the treatment of a broken bone.

  • Physical Therapy: A high-quality physical therapy program can help in speeding up the healing process.  


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How does a broken bone heal?

All broken bone goes through a similar three-step healing process:

  • Inflammation occurs soon after the injury as blood at the fracture site is absorbed to establish the structural stability to create fresh bones. 

  • At the fracturing point, bone formation continues with a fluid named soft callus, which is composed of elastic tissue and cartilage. 

  • The final step, known as bone remodeling, as fresh bone shapes and removes into its previous shape which may take several months. 


First aid for a broken bone

If you think somebody has a broken leg, handle them with first aid and help them receive medical care: 

  • Stop any bleeding: If they are bleeding, use a sterile bandage, a clean sheet, or a warm layer of clothing to raise and add pressure to the wound. 

  • Immobilize the injured area: If you think they have fractured a bone in their neck or back, encourage them to stay as calm as possible. In case of a fractured arm, use a splint or a sling to immobilize the leg.
     
  • Apply cold to the area: Wrap an ice pack or bag cubes into a piece of fabric and apply it for up to 10 minutes at a time to the wounded area. 

  • Treat them for a shock: Assist them to get into a safe spot, help, and allow them o relax. Put a blanket or clothing over them to keep them warm. 

  • Get professional help: Immediately call an ambulance or help them get to the emergency ward for professional care. 

How can you get treatment for broken bones in Kathmandu

See an orthopedic doctor. During the treatment process, the orthopedic doctor will examine the affected areas for tenderness, swelling, deformity, or open wounds.

With the help of X-rays, you can pinpoint the location of the break and determine the extent of injury to any adjacent joints.

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In some cases, the doctor may also recommend more-detailed images using Computerized Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). This is especially done commonly with some wrist fractures, hip fractures (especially in older people), and stress fractures. 

For certain situations, such as a potential wrist fracture with an apparently regular X-ray, a splint can be administered by the specialist to immobilize the area and prescribe a second X-ray 10 to 14 days later as the fracture may be visible.

Occasionally, and after diagnosing the fracture, additional scans (such as CT scan, MRI, or angiogram, a specific X-ray of the blood vessels) will be required to assess if other tissues outside the bone have been affected.

The treatment of a broken bone lasts from weeks to months depending upon your bone health.





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